Lecture 06
Permanent Canines
General Features · Maxillary Canine · Mandibular Canine · Key Differences
📚
10 محاضرات كاملة + مراجعة ميدتيرم وفاينل
اشترك مرة واحدة بـ 300 جنيه وافتح الترم كامل
اشترك الآن
📋 General Features
- Longest, most stable teeth — they are the last teeth to be lost
- The only permanent teeth with a single cusp
- Cornerstones of the dental arches — support the facial musculature (especially the corners of the mouth)
- Guide occlusion during lateral excursion of the mandible
⬆️ Maxillary Canine
First Calcification
4 – 5 months
Crown Completed
6 – 7 years
Eruption
11 – 12 years
Root Completion
13 – 15 years
- Labial outline: Pentagon. Cusp tip slightly mesial to the long axis
- Mesial cusp slope is shorter than the distal slope
- Prominent labial ridge dividing the mesial and distal cusp slopes
- Contact areas: mesial at incisal/middle junction; distal at middle third
- Lingual: well-developed cingulum, marginal ridges, a lingual ridge, and 2 lingual fossae
- Mesial aspect: triangular outline; mesial CEJ curvature = 3.5 mm
⬇️ Mandibular Canine
- Erupts earlier than the maxillary canine — at 9 – 10 years
- Crown is narrower mesiodistally than the maxillary canine
- Cusp tip sits ON the long axis of the root (vs. mesial to axis in the maxillary canine)
- Mesial and distal cusp slopes are more equal (more symmetrical)
- Lingual features are less developed than the maxillary canine's
- Root may show bifurcation and a longitudinal developmental groove on the proximal surfaces
Key difference: Maxillary canine cusp tip is mesial to the root axis; mandibular canine cusp tip is on the root axis. This is one of the most frequently tested comparison points.
🦴 Root & Incisal Features
- Canine roots are the longest and thickest in the entire dentition, especially labiolingually
- Root cross-section: wide oval, thickest labiolingually
- From the incisal aspect, the crown is wider labiolingually than mesiodistally, with the labial ridge clearly visible
PERMANENT CANINES
📋 General
Longest, most stable
Only single-cusp tooth
Cornerstone of arch
⬆️ Maxillary Canine
Pentagon labial outline
Cusp tip mesial to axis
Mesial slope shorter
Eruption 11–12 yrs
⬇️ Mandibular Canine
Cusp tip ON axis
Slopes more equal
Eruption 9–10 yrs — earlier
Root may bifurcate
🦴 Root
Longest, thickest root
Wide oval cross-section
1
Longest, Most Stable
Canines have the longest roots in the dentition and are typically the last teeth to be lost.
2
Cusp Tip — Maxillary
Maxillary canine cusp tip is mesial to the long axis of the root.
3
Cusp Tip — Mandibular
Mandibular canine cusp tip sits on the long axis — a key distinguishing feature from the maxillary canine.
4
Eruption Timing
Mandibular canine erupts earlier (9–10 yrs) than the maxillary canine (11–12 yrs).
5
Single Cusp
Canines are the only permanent teeth with a single cusp.
6
Pentagon Outline
Maxillary canine's labial outline is a pentagon, with mesial slope shorter than distal.
7
Mesial CEJ
Maxillary canine mesial CEJ curvature = 3.5 mm.
8
Lingual Fossae
Maxillary canine has 2 lingual fossae, separated by a lingual ridge.
9
Root Bifurcation
Mandibular canine root may show bifurcation and a longitudinal proximal groove.
10
Occlusal Guidance
Canines guide occlusion specifically during lateral excursion of the mandible.
🦷
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
حاجة واحدة بس 🌟
أول لكتشر anatomy بييجي محمّل بأسماء غريبة كتير، وده طبيعي — مش حد بيحفظها من أول مرة.
اللي بيفرق هو إنك تربط كل اسم بصورة أو وظيفة، مش تحفظه لوحده. عشان كده كل محاضرة هنا فيها خريطة ذهنية قبل الحفظ، مش بعده.
جرّب المحاضرة دي وشوف الفرق بنفسك.
⬆️ Maxillary Canine
Labial
Pentagon Outline, Cusp Tip Mesial to Axis
A prominent labial ridge divides the shorter mesial slope from the longer distal slope.
Lingual
2 Lingual Fossae & Lingual Ridge
A well-developed cingulum and lingual ridge divide the surface into 2 distinct fossae.
Mesial
Triangular Outline — 3.5mm Curvature
Cervical curvature of 3.5 mm, similar to the maxillary central incisor.
⬇️ Mandibular Canine
Labial
Narrower, Cusp Tip on the Axis
The cusp tip sits directly on the long axis, with more equal mesial and distal slopes.
Mesial
Incisal Ridge on the Root Axis
Similar pattern to the mandibular incisors — the incisal ridge lies on, not lingual to, the root axis.
Root
Possible Bifurcation & Proximal Groove
The root may show bifurcation with a longitudinal developmental groove on the proximal surfaces.
⚖️ Maxillary vs Mandibular Comparison
Comparison
Maxillary (Left) vs Mandibular (Right)
Note the mandibular canine's narrower mesiodistal width compared to the maxillary canine.
Cusp Tip
Maxillary = Mesial to Axis; Mandibular = On Axis
This is the single most tested comparison point between the two canines.
🦴 Root Cross-Section
Root
Longest, Thickest Root — Wide Oval Cross-Section
Canine roots are the longest and thickest in the dentition, widest labiolingually.
⚠️ Exam Trap: The cusp-tip position is the classic distinguishing feature — mesial to axis = maxillary, on the axis = mandibular. Don't reverse these in MCQs.
Answered: 0/30
Correct: 0
Wrong: 0